Structure of lightning impulse voltage generator

A lightning impulse voltage generator is a device that simulates lightning impulse voltage and is mainly used to test the insulation performance of electrical equipment. Its structure usually includes the following main parts:
1. Charging unit
High voltage DC power supply: Provides high voltage DC power to charge capacitors.
Charging resistor: limits the charging current, protects the power supply and capacitor.
2. Energy storage unit
Capacitor bank: stores electrical energy, usually composed of multiple capacitors connected in series or parallel to generate the required high voltage.
3. Pulse forming unit
Wavefront resistance and tail resistance: adjust the wavefront time and tail time of shock waves.
Wavefront capacitance and tail capacitance: in combination with resistors, further adjust the waveform.
4. Trigger unit
Trigger device: controls the discharge time, usually including spark gap or trigger tube.
Trigger pulse generator: Generate high-voltage pulses to trigger spark gaps or trigger tubes.
5. Discharge unit
Discharge switch: controls the discharge of capacitors, usually using spark gaps or high-voltage switches.
Discharge circuit: including test samples and measuring equipment, forming a discharge path.
6. Measurement unit
Voltage divider: Reduce high voltage to a measurable range.
Oscilloscope: Record and display the waveform of impulse voltage.
Current measuring device: measures discharge current.
7. Control unit
Control system: controls the charging, discharging, and measuring processes, usually including computers or PLCs.
Safety protection device: Ensure the safety of equipment and personnel, including overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, and grounding protection.
8. Mechanical structure
Bracket and insulator: support and isolate high-voltage components to prevent discharge and leakage.
Shell and shielding: prevent electromagnetic interference and external environmental influences.